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photoplay music
Photoplay music is incidental music, soundtrack music, and themes written specifically for the accompaniment of silent films.
==Early years==
Early films (c. 1890-1910) merely relied on classical and popular repertory, mixed usually with improvisation by whatever accompanist was playing (usually a pianist).
Around 1910, folios of photoplay music began being published by companies such as Sam Fox Music and Academic Music. These were only a minute or so long and could not sustain an entire feature, but were used to fill in scenes where music was not popularly written (such as "misteriosos" for scenes of mystery, etc.). One example of such a piece is ''Mysterioso Pizzicato'', which appeared in a 1914 photoplay music collection compiled by J. Bodewalt Lampe and whose main motif has endured as a cliche for stealth and villainy in a wide selection of music and films thereafter.〔Fuld, James J. (2000) ''The Book Of World-Famous Music'', 5th ed. Dover Publications. p. 385〕 A version of this theme is contrasted with a hero's theme ().〔Braun, Wilbur (1989). ''Foiled Again: Two Musical Melodramas'', p.4. Samuel French. ISBN 9780573682001.〕 Composers noted for their photoplay music include John Stepan Zamecnik and Gaston Borch.
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